Roller cone drill bit
As a tool for drilling rock formations, it has been widely used. The significant improvement in drill bit performance directly reduces drilling costs, especially in the past ten years, the fastest progress has been made in both service life and drilling speed. Performance indicators, which ultimately determine the degree to which a drill bit affects drilling costs. The mechanical penetration rate and service life of the drill bit are effective ways to reduce drilling costs. Data confirm that improvements in drilling speed have a greater impact on reducing drilling costs than improvements in drill bit life. Among them, the improvement of the cutting structure of the drill bit is the most direct way to increase the mechanical penetration rate of the drill. For a long time, the improvement of the cutting structure has mainly focused on the main cutting tooth structure, such as the carbide tooth structure. , people have successively invented wedge-shaped teeth, spoon-shaped teeth, offset spoon-shaped teeth, and other wear teeth. In the past ten years, people have gradually realized that the diameter protection structure also has a great impact on the mechanical penetration rate and life of the drill bit, especially in large drilling machines. Drill bits used in deviated wells and horizontal wells require reasonable gauge structures. Many new gauge structures have been researched, developed and applied to roller cone drill bits and achieved good results
Roller drill bits have good structural characteristics
The wheel drill bit has a rolling seal bearing structure, and the cylindrical rolling element is placed in the groove of the cone body, which increases the journal size and has better performance in use.
The secondary surface of the thrust bearing of the roller cone drill bit is subjected to anti-friction treatment and hardening treatment respectively to reduce the friction of the drill bit and protect the anti-hardening ability of the drill bit.
Use new grease that can withstand high temperatures and resist wear.
The use of an all-rubber oil storage bag that can limit the pressure difference and prevent drilling fluid from entering the lubrication system provides good lubrication guarantee for the bearing system.
The roller cone bit is a deceleration drill bit, that is, the speed of the cone is smaller than the speed of the drill bit. It is mainly used to scrape and break rocks. It is suitable for window sidetracking and side drilling of old wells under high speed and high drilling pressure. Small hole drilling operations such as well deepening play an important role in drilling. The advantage of the roller cone bit is that it has a wide range of applications. It is not only suitable for sidetracking well construction, but also can be used in medium and deep wells, showing important advantages in drilling.
The working torque is lower than that of the drill bit under the same drilling pressure and formation conditions, which can reduce the expansion problem of small-sized drilling tools and avoid downhole accidents. The roller cone bit combines the advantages of the tri-cone drill bit and the drill bit, and makes up for the shortcomings of the two. It is more suitable than the tri-cone drill bit for formations with both strength and plasticity. It is also suitable for hard interlayers that are difficult to deal with with drill bits. and other complex
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